People use multiple devices, making identity resolution and attribution hard. This quiz covers deterministic vs probabilistic methods, consent, and analysis pitfalls.
Deterministic identity typically relies on a stable, user‑provided ______ across devices.
screen DPI
font list
login/User ID
tab color
Probabilistic matching uses signals like IP, user‑agent, or timing and is generally ______ than deterministic.
less certain
guaranteed
identical in certainty
more exact
With third‑party cookies restricted, cross‑site tracking increasingly shifts to ______ data.
EXIF
SVG
CMYK
first‑party
A common analytics pattern is to set a User ID and send it as an ______ on every event for stitching.
DNS record
image filter
CSS token only
event parameter
Fragmented identity can inflate unique users and ______ conversion rates if device views are counted separately.
guarantee
triple
deflate
ensure that all raise
Consent frameworks should state that cross‑device linking occurs only with ______ permission.
user
router
device vendor
proxy
When modeling cross‑device impact, household‑level linking can introduce ______ if multiple people share devices.
SVG scaling
font hinting
confounding
gamma correction
Lookback windows for attribution should be consistent across devices to avoid ______ bias.
GIF
vector
kerning
windowing
For measurement resiliency, maintain a small logged‑in holdout to estimate the gap between logged‑in and ______ traffic.
anonymous
lossless
monochrome
CMYK
Cross‑device frequency capping is hardest without a shared ID; a practical mitigation is to cap per ______ as a proxy.
color palette
context (e.g., site/app)
font file
pixel row
Starter
You’re new to cross‑device tracking challenges. Review definitions, guardrails, and simple examples to build confidence.
Solid
Good grasp of cross‑device tracking challenges. Tighten design choices and deepen your analysis habits.
Expert!
Excellent command of cross‑device tracking challenges. You’re ready to operate at scale and mentor others.
