Test your knowledge of deterministic IDs, probabilistic stitching, and their impact on attribution accuracy.
Deterministic cross‑device identity relies on ______ identifiers.
IP only
probabilistic hash
log‑in based
cohort
Hashed email or user ID guarantees same person across devices, unlike probabilistic matching.
GA4’s **User‑ID** feature requires setting the ID on ______ events.
page_view
session_start only
purchase only
every hit from authenticated user
Consistent tagging ensures GA4 stitches sessions correctly across devices.
Google Signals augments tracking with ______ data when users are signed in and consented.
third‑party cookies
MD5
Google‑account
device fingerprint
Aggregated, anonymised Google account data links device journeys for modeling.
Probabilistic identity graphs often combine IP, user‑agent, and ______ for scoring.
time stamp patterns
content group
last click channel
CLS
Temporal patterns increase confidence that two devices belong to the same user.
Cross‑device paths often show higher assist value for ______ channels.
OOH
mobile upper‑funnel
desktop direct
Users research on phone then purchase on desktop; cross‑device stitching surfaces mobile credit.
2025 Apple Private Relay hides IP, reducing accuracy of ______ matching.
CRM
probabilistic cross‑device
cookie
deterministic
Without IP, fingerprint similarity scores drop, lowering match confidence.
A common metric to evaluate stitching quality is **Device Overlap %,** calculated as multi‑device users over ______ users.
impressions
total signed‑in
sessions
total cookies
Higher overlap indicates better identity resolution among logged‑in population.
Server‑side GTM can enrich events with hashed email post login, allowing compliance with ______ requirements.
AMP
same‑site cookie
Flash
mp3
First‑party context avoids third‑party cookie blocks while enabling deterministic ID.
Cross‑device data can be suppressed for minors per platform policy aligning with ______ regulation.
PCI
HIPAA
SOX
COPPA
Children’s privacy laws restrict tracking minors across devices.
Identity stitching improves MMM accuracy by reducing channel ______ bias.
server timing
creative wearout
cookie inflation
device fragmentation
Proper stitching assigns credit to the right touchpoints along multi‑device journeys, stabilising coefficients.
Starter
Review the basics.
Solid
Nice work—refine the details.
Expert!
Exceptional command of the topic.
