A/B & Multivariate Testing

Uplift Modeling Basics

Uplift models predict incremental impact rather than total conversion likelihood. They help teams target users who will move the needle, not those who would convert anyway..

Uplift models aim to predict ______.

customer lifetime value

overall conversion rate

the incremental impact of treatment on each user

average order size

They score by difference between treated and control outcomes for similar users.

A random‑forest uplift model typically requires ______ in the training data.

propensity scores alone

only outcomes

cluster IDs

both treatment assignment and outcome labels

Without knowing who saw variant A versus B, incremental response cannot be estimated.

The ‘Qini curve’ evaluates uplift models analogous to ______ plots in classification.

scree

ROC

kaplan‑meier

Pareto

It plots cumulative incremental uplift against the sorted population.

Marketing teams use uplift scores to ______.

target only users likely to be persuaded

estimate total revenue

optimize site speed

segment by geography

Avoiding ‘sure things’ and ‘lost causes’ saves budget.

A negative uplift score suggests the user might ______ if shown the variant.

convert anyway

be untrackable

react adversely compared with control

return a 404

Some segments could churn or downgrade when nudged.

Two‑model approach for uplift fits separate response models for treatment and control, then ______.

divides raw counts

averages residuals

subtracts their predicted probabilities

bootstraps importance

The difference is an estimate of conditional treatment effect.

Causal forests extend random forests by focusing splits that maximize ______ heterogeneity.

time‑on‑site

price elasticity

device type

treatment effect

They aim to discover where the uplift varies most.

Unlike standard A/B significance tests, uplift models can prioritize segments even if overall lift is ______.

near zero

monotonically increasing

already significant

perfectly linear

The average may hide pockets of large positive or negative effects.

The ‘trans‑te’ method regularizes uplift estimates to reduce ______.

bias in big data

server latency

variance in small leaves

UI clutter

Shrinking extreme subgroup estimates improves out‑of‑sample performance.

Offline uplift model validation should always use ______ set aside from training.

oversampled positives

a holdout test set

simulated Gaussian noise

the full original data

Standard machine‑learning hygiene prevents optimistic evaluation.

Starter

Solidify the basics of the topic before running live tests.

Solid

You understand the core ideas—focus on edge‑cases to boost accuracy.

Expert!

Outstanding—you can teach your team and steer experimentation strategy.

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